Documentations

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====== Character map ======
The monitor ROM has a built-in font.

====== Control characters ======
Control characters can be used to configure the display.

^Character^Name^Description^
|0|NUL|Does nothing!|
|1|SOH||
|2|STOP|Code for the STOP key|
|3|BREAK||
|4|EOT|End of Text|
|5|ENQ||
|6|ACK||
|7|BEEP|Beep!|
|8|LEFT|Code for the "left" key. Moves cursor left.|
|9|RIGHT|Code for the "right" key. Moves cursor right.|
|A|CR|Code for the "down" key. Moves cursor down.|
|B|UP|Code for the "up" key. Moves cursor up.|
|C|RAZ|Code for the "RAZ" key (Remise à Zéro). Clears the screen.|
|D|LF|Code for the "ENT" key. Move to beginning of next line.|
|E|TELETEL|Enter semi-graphic mode (see below)|
|F|ALPHA|Enter alphanumeric mode (undoes E)|
|10|DLE||
|11||Shows cursor|
|12||Unused.|
|13||Unused.|
|14||Hide cursor|
|15|||
|16|ACC|Begin of accented sequence - uses G2 character set|
|17|||
|18||Erase to end of line|
|19|||
|1A|||
|1B|ESC|Begin escape sequence (see below)|
|1C|INS|Code for the "INS" key. Inserts an empty space at the cursor position and shifts all following characters to the right.|
|1D|DEL|Code for the "DEL" key. Removes current character and shifts all following characters to the left.|
|1E|TAB|Tabulation.|
|1F|US|User sequence (see below).|

===== Escape and user sequences =====
The key codes 1B and 1F mark the start of escape and user sequences. These allow configuring the screen in various ways.

^Sequence^Description^
|1B 20 4x|Change character color for the whole screen|
|1B 20 5x|Change background color for the whole screen|
|1B 4x|Change current character color|
|1B 5x|Change current background color|
|1B 6x|Change border color|
|1B 70|Normal size characters|
|1B 71|Double height characters|
|1B 72|Double width characters|
|1B 73|Double size characters|
|1B 74|Opaque characters (printing a character sets the color RAM to the current foreground and background colors)|
|1B 75|Transparent characters (printing a character changes only the shape RAM, colors are preserved)|
|1B 76|Enable video incrustation (some machines will crash if this is done without the color incrustation plugged in)|
|1B 78|Enable fast scrolling (character by character)|
|1B 79|Enable soft scrolling (vertical scroll is done pixel by pixel)|
|1B 7A|Page mode (no scrolling, printed text wraps around the screen)|
|1B 7B|Toggle inverse attribute (shape RAM is negated)|
|1G 1h 1l|Set window bottom border to line hl|
|1F 2h 2l|Set window top border to line hl|
|1F 40+x 40+y|Set cursor position to (X,Y)|

Starting from the TO9, there are also commands to change video mode (note that the monitor doesn't support text output in all modes!)
^Sequence^Description^
|1B 48   |Page 1 mode|
|1B 49   |Page 2 mode|
|1B 4A   |Overprint (write to page 2)|
|1B 4B   |Overprint (write to page 1)|
|1B 59   |Bitmap 4   |
|1B 5A   |40 columns |
|1B 5B   |80 columns |
|1B 5E   |Bitmap 16  |
|1B 6D   |Video incrustation|
|1B 6C   |Disable video incrustation|
|1B 88   |Triple overprint (write to page 1)|
|1B 89   |Triple overprint (write to page 2)|
|1B 8A   |Triple overprint (write to page 3)|
|1B 8B   |Triple overprint (write to page 4)|
===== Accent sequences =====
Character 16 starts an accent sequence. It is followed by an accent code, then a letter.
^Code^Accent^
|41  |grave (è)|
|42  |acute (é)|
|43  |circumflex (ê)|
|48  |trema (ë)|
|4B  |cedilla (ç) |

This only works with lowercase characters. If the character sent after the accent isn't a lowercase letter, the accent is ignored.

Moreover, ACC can be used to write G2 characters:
^Code^Character^
|23  |Pound (£) |
|24  |Dollar ($)|
|26  |Sharp (#) |
|27  |Paragraph |
|2C  |Left arrow|
|2D  |Up arrow  |
|2E  |Right arrow |
|2F  |Down arrow|
|30  |Degree (°)|
|31  |Plus/Minus|
|38  |Integer division|
|3C  |1/4       |
|3D  |1/2       |
|3E  |3/4       |
|6A  |Œ         |
|7A  |œ         |
|7B  |esset     |

===== Teletel mode =====
Character E enters "Teletel" mode. This is a semigraphic mode. Character F switches back to standard mode.
The characters for teletel mode are defined according to this grid:

|AAAA|BBBB|
|AAAA|BBBB|
|CCCC|DDDD|
|CCCC|DDDD|
|EEEE|FFFF|
|EEEE|FFFF|

The character code (in binary) is 0F1EDCBA. This encoding makes it possible to use the following characters while in teletel mode:
  * ''@'', ''A-Z'', ''[]\^_''
  * All control characters
  * Characters after number 127 (extended characters)

Escae sequences are still interpreted, allowing for example to change colors for the next characters, use double size teletel characters, and more.